FWD: Nanoparticles extend brain cell life

From: Jeff Davis (jrd1415@yahoo.com)
Date: Thu Aug 14 2003 - 18:59:38 MDT

  • Next message: Robin Hanson: "Re: Thinking the unthinkable: taboos and transhumanism"

    http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-08/uocf-ubc081303.php

    UCF brain cell research spawns hope for longer life

    University of Central Florida researchers find that
    nanomaterials developed for industry triple or
    quadruple life of brain cells
    ORLANDO, Aug. 13, 2003 -- A molecular biologist and a
    nanoscientist at the University of Central Florida
    have found that nanomaterials developed for industry
    have an unexpected and potentially revolutionary side
    effect: They can triple or quadruple the life of brain
    cells.
    The result is people could live longer and with fewer
    age-related health problems.

    Beverly Rzigalinski, assistant professor in the
    Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology and
    at the Biomolecular Sciences Center, and Sudipta Seal,
    associate engineering professor at the Advanced
    Materials Processing and Analysis Center and the
    Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace
    Engineering, will receive $1.4 million from the
    National Institutes of Health, National Institute on
    Aging to study the reasons behind the reaction and
    possible future applications.

    Rzigalinski has spent the bulk of her career on
    NIH-funded research from the National Institute of
    Neurological Disorders and Stroke studying how brain
    cells "talk" to each other, most recently focusing on
    microglia -- a specialized cell that responds to brain
    injury and initiates the response to either repair or
    destroy the damaged neuron. Seal creates nanostructure
    materials and recently developed a process for
    engineering particles on a nanoscale -- so they might
    have more efficient industrial applications.

    Because of the current flurry of publicity that
    anti-oxidants have received for their potential
    anti-aging properties, Rzigalinski decided to explore
    introducing the miniaturized particles to the brain
    cells of rats.

    "In culture, rat brain cells usually live about three
    weeks," Rzigalinski said. "The cells exposed to the
    engineered nanoparticles lived three to four times
    longer."

    To confirm the results, Rzigalinski, the grant's
    principal investigator, repeated the process multiple
    times and found that cells exposed to a single dose of
    engineered nano-oxide particles routinely outlived the
    untreated cells by three- to four-fold, with the
    longest living cell lasting 123 days.

    Rzigalinski then explored the quality of the aged
    neurons and found they were signaling or "talking" to
    each other in the same manner as their youthful
    counterparts. "This shows there is a potential not
    just to extend the life span but to preserve
    function," she said.

    Seal has worked on developing oxide particles for high
    temperature production since his undergraduate days in
    the late 1980s. In 2000, as he took over the
    coordination of UCF's nanotechnology initiative, he
    and a student developed ultrafine nano-sized powders
    and solutions. The particles, less than 10 nanometers
    (about 30 atoms) in size, not only offered a more
    efficient coating for use in machines but also opened
    the door for biological studies in collaboration with
    Rzigalinski.

    When a university research administrator aware of the
    work of each scientist introduced the two, the
    possibilities immediately began forming. "This type of
    cross-disciplinary partnership is what we dream
    about," said Pallavoor Vaidyanathan, assistant vice
    president for research. It is also critical to forging
    frontiers in nanoscience.

    Research in the medical profession suggests that a
    major component of aging is free radical damage to
    cells. Free radical scavengers, often taken in the
    form of vitamins, can counter the damage to a very
    limited degree. A regenerative nanoparticle, such as
    the one developed by Rzigalinski and Seal, offers
    promise of negating those problems and could be
    helpful in treatment of certain age-related disorders
    -- such as Alzheimer's disease -- as well as arthritis
    and other joint-related problems, Rzigalinski says.

    Most recently, the Rzigalinski lab has found that the
    nanoparticles have potent anti-inflammatory
    properties. The investigators plan to explore the
    possibility of creating a coating from the particles
    that could be used for vascular and orthopedic
    implants, stents and other devices that are prone to
    inflammatory reactions.

    Initial tests show that the nanoparticle anti-oxidants
    regenerate once they penetrate the cell -- meaning one
    dose could conceivably continue its therapeutic
    effects indefinitely.

    Rzigalinski introduced the collaboration to her
    colleagues at the NATURE biotechnology symposium in
    Miami earlier this year. She has also submitted an
    abstract on the project to the National and
    International Neurotrauma Symposium, and Society for
    Neuroscience.

    Nanotechnology is considered the new frontier of
    science, and it could revolutionize modern medicine in
    the future. The potential for creating new materials
    at a size capable of being absorbed by human cells
    calls for a new type of scientist -- one who can
    collaborate across seemingly unrelated disciplines.
    Combining the fields of biomolecular science with
    engineering offers a significant step in that
    direction.

    Pappachan Kolattukudy, director of UCF's Biomolecular
    Science Center and a consultant on the project, said
    the collaboration is part of a strategy that UCF is
    going to be using increasingly in building its
    presence in the biomolecular sciences.

    "We are concentrating on building interfaces between
    areas in which we have strengths," Kolattukudy said.

    Vimal Desai, director of AMPAC, said that
    nanomaterials are currently considered highly
    strategic for important applications ranging from
    homeland security to just plain good health.

    "It is so good to be able to build bridges for an
    interdisciplinary effort through competent and dynamic
    researchers at UCF," Desai said.

    ###

    Best, Jeff Davis

       "Everything's hard till you know how to do it."
                               Ray Charles

    __________________________________
    Do you Yahoo!?
    Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software
    http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com



    This archive was generated by hypermail 2.1.5 : Thu Aug 14 2003 - 19:13:44 MDT